Mughal architecture in India: The Taj Mahal as a model

Abstract

    This study deals with the town of Buwazij al-Mulk, located in the south of the Euphrates Island, and examines its religious, political, and scientific conditions, as it witnessed religious and intellectual activity in the pre-Islamic era represented by the spread of Christianity in it, and it was considered one of the bishoprics under the leadership of the Church of Beth Karmai (currently Kirkuk). Syriac sources preserved for us the names of a number of bishops who assumed the presidency and care of the church organization in Buwazij and its environs, as it shows us the

importance of this bishopric. The town also played a role in the Islamic era after it was annexed to the borders of the Arab Islamic state in the era of conquests in the Rashidun era, and Arab Muslims settled there alongside Christians. In later periods, the town was affected by the political events witnessed by the Abbasid state; as it was the center of two opposition movements against the Abbasid state, then it was affected by the political conflicts between the powers that dominated the Abbasid Caliphate, such as the Seljuks and the Atabegs. Buwazij also witnessed intellectual activity with the emergence of a number of scholars who excelled in Islamic sciences and left their scientific impact on Islamic cities.